Which one of the following hormones is not produced by the posterior pituitary?

• A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
• B. Growth hormone (GH)
• C. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
• D. Oxytocin

Answer: (B)

The hormone that is not produced by the posterior pituitary is growth hormone (GH). This is because growth hormone is synthesized and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. In contrast, the posterior pituitary does not produce hormones itself; instead, it stores and releases hormones that are produced by the hypothalamus.

The posterior pituitary primarily releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH), both of which are produced in the hypothalamus. Other hormones like adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are also produced in the anterior pituitary. Understanding the distinctions between the functions of the anterior and posterior pituitaries is crucial for recognizing where various hormones are generated and their roles in the endocrine system. This differentiation helps in grasping basic human physiology, especially concerning hormonal regulation and effects on growth, metabolism, and overall hormonal balance.