Which process uses the negative cathode to create an alkaline effect on the skin?

• A. Cataphoresis
• B. Galvanism
• C. Anaphoresis
• D. Electrolysis

Answer: (C)

The process that utilizes the negative cathode to create an alkaline effect on the skin is anaphoresis. In anaphoresis, the negatively charged electrode (cathode) is applied to the skin, which results in the release of hydroxide ions (OH-) into the tissue. This accumulation of hydroxide ions creates an alkaline environment, which can help to soften the skin and facilitate the penetration of products or treatments into the skin. This therapeutic process is often employed to enhance the effects of certain skincare treatments or to prepare the skin for further procedures.

Such an alkaline effect differs from other processes like cataphoresis, where the positive electrode is used to create an acidic reaction, and electrolysis, which primarily aims to remove hair by using a direct current to destroy hair follicle cells. Galvanism is a broader term that refers to the application of direct current for various therapeutic purposes and doesn’t specifically address the alkaline effect on the skin as anaphoresis does.